A more tangible shortcoming of just-in-time programs concerns their startup and ongoing costs. These costs include not only the expense of new hardware and software, but also expenses associated with preparation of multiple training modules that will be available to coaches at any time and in any setting. Another shortcoming: a Mode Four program can’t be automatically tailored to the unique situation or needs of coaches. Thus, the program must be everything to everyone—and must often be updated. This is a tall order! Nevertheless, this form of coach-training is here to stay but not without some costs—and not without that human touch which makes all four training modes come alive for the learner.
Conclusions
The most important mode-related factors to take into account concern amount of learning, retention of this learning, transfer of learning to specific coaching engagements, and training costs. Training must be accessible, inexpensive, and available just-in-time. However, intensive and distributed training programs counter the convenience of on-line and just-in-time training with the discipline of extended, thoughtful development. All four modes should be invited in and each should pull aspiring coaches out of their routine, habits of mind, and rutted way of relating to and helping other people.
